Sosialisasi Kecerdasan Anak (Multiple Intelegence) di Baubau
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31316/jk.v6i2.3584Abstract
Abstrak
Multiple Intelligences yang dalam bahasa Indonesia diterjemahkan sebagai kecerdasan majemuk atau kecerdasan ganda merupakan salah satu teori kecerdasan yang memperoleh banyak pengakuan akhir-akhir ini. Teori ini dicetuskan oleh Howard Gardner, psikolog dari Harvard. Mula-mula Gardner menemukan tujuh jenis kecerdasan tetapi kemudian mengembangkannya menjadi delapan, dan membahas kemungkinan kecerdasan yang ke sembilan. Kecerdasan menurut Gardner diartikan sebagai suatu kemampuan, dengan proses kelengkapannya, yang sanggup menangani kandungan masalah yang spesifik di dunia. Meskipun demikian, tidak berarti bahwa orang yang memiliki jenis kecerdasan tertentu, kecerdasan musikal misalnya, akan menunjukkan kemampuan tersebut dalam setiap aspek hidupnya. Dikatakan lebih lanjut bahwa setiap orang memiliki delapan jenis kecerdasan dalam tingkat yang berbeda-beda. Kedelapan jenis kecerdasan itu memiliki komponen inti dan ciri-ciri. Kehadiran ciri-ciri pada individu menentukan kadar profil kecerdasannya. Dalam kehidupan nyata, kecerdasan-kecerdasan itu hadir dan muncul bersama-sama atau berurutan dalam suatu atau lebih aktivitas. Dalam kasus khusus, ditengarai adanya individu savant, yakni orang yang memiliki tingkat kecerdasan yang sangat tinggi pada satu jenis kecerdasan, namun rendah dalam kecerdasan yang lain. Dalam dunia pendidikan, teori multiple intelligences mulai diterima karena dianggap lebih melayani semua kecerdasan yang dimiliki anak. Konsep MI menjadikan pendidik lebih arif melihat perbedaan, dan menjadikan anak merasa lebih diterima dan dilayani. Konsep ini “menghapus†mitos anak cerdas dan tidak cerdas, karena menurut konsep ini, semua anak hakikatnya cerdas. Hanya saja konsep cerdas itu perlu diredefinisi dengan landasan baru.
Kata Kunci: Kecerdasan Anak, Anak Usia Dini
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Abstract
Multiple Intelligences which in Indonesian translated as compound intelligence or multiple intelligences is one of the theories of intelligence that has gained a lot of recognition recently. This theory was coined by Howard Gardner, a psychologist from Harvard. At first Gardner discovered seven types of intelligence but later developed them into eight, and discussed the possibility of a ninth intelligence. Intelligence according to Gardner is defined as an ability, with its completeness process, that is able to deal with the content of problems specific to the world. Despite this, it does not mean that a person who has a certain type of intelligence, musical intelligence for example, will show such abilities in every aspect of his life. It is further said that everyone has eight types of intelligence in different levels. All eight types of intelligence have core components and traits. The presence of traits in the individual determines the level of his intelligence profile. In real life, those intelligences are present and appear together or sequentially in an activity or more. In special cases, it is suspected that there is a savant individual, that is, a person who has a very high level of intelligence in one type of intelligence, but is low in intelligence in another. In the world of education, the theory of multiple intelligences began to be accepted because it was considered to better serve all the intelligence that the child had. The MI concept makes educators wiser to see differences, and makes children feel more welcome and served. This concept "erases" the myth of intelligent and unintelligent children, because according to this concept, all children are essentially intelligent. It's just that the intelligent concept needs to be redefined with a new foundation.
Keywords: Child Intelligence, Early ChildhoodReferences
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Armstrong, Thomas. 2002. 7 Kinds Of Smart: Menemukan dan Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Anda Berdasarkan Teori Multiple Intelligences. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Armstrong, Thomas. 2003. Sekolah Sang Juara (Multi Intelegences In The Class Room). Penerjemah: Yudi Murtanto. Bandung: Kaifa.
Arikunto, Suharsimi. 2010. Prosedur Penelitian. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Aunurrahman. 2009. Belajar dan Pembelajaran. Bandung: Alfabeta.
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