Analisis Sistem Pemilihan Umum Proporsional Tertutup di Indonesia

Authors

  • Christine S.T. Kansil Universitas Tarumanagara
  • Christian Samuel Lodoe Haga Universitas Tarumanagara

Abstract

Abstrak

Rakyat adalah pemegang utama kedaulatan dalam sistem demokrasi di Indonesia. Dengan demikian, proses pemilihan umum atau pemilu memiliki peran penting dalam menjalankan demokrasi, sehingga rakyat patut memperhatikan dan memahami segala aspek tentang penyelenggaraan pemilu. Salah satunya tentang sistem pemilu yang digunakan oleh Indonesia saat ini, yaitu sistem proporsional terbuka. Sistem proporsional terbuka sempat menuai kritik dan anggapan bahwa sistem tersebut perlu diubah ke sistem proporsional tertutup. Namun, mengingat bahwa sistem proporsional tertutup pernah diterapkan di Indonesia sebelumnya, penerapan kembali sistem tersebut akan membawa negara Indonesia dan rakyatnya kepada kemunduran demokrasi. Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah untuk menganalisa sistem proporsional tertutup di Indonesia dan menjelaskan beberapa alasan sistem proporsional tertutup bukanlah solusi dari masalah yang ditemukan dari penerapan sistem proporsional terbuka yang selama ini telah diterapkan.

Kata Kunci: Demokrasi, Pemilu, Sistem Proporsional Terbuka, Sistem Proporsional Tertutup.

 

Abstract

Citizens are the major sovereignty stakeholders in the democratic system in Indonesia. Thus, the general election process has a prominent role in carrying out democracy, hence the people should pay attention and understand all aspects of elections. One of them is the electoral system currently used by Indonesia, namely the open-list proportional representation system. The open-list proportional representation system had drawn criticism and assumptions saying the system needed to reform to a closed-list proportional representation system. However, the closed-list proportional representation system has been enforced in Indonesia, and the readoption of the system will lead the Indonesian state and its people to a democratic deterioration. The purpose of this article is to analyze the closed-list proportional representation system in Indonesia and explain several reasons why a closed-list proportional representation system is not a solution to the problems encountered throughout the implementation of an open-list proportional representation system.

Keywords: democracy, election, open-list proportional representation system, closed-list proportional representation system

References

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Almond, Gabriel A. dan Sidney Verba. 1984. Budaya Politik (Tingkah Laku Politik dan Demokrasi di Lima Negara). Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, hlm. 21

Annur, Cindy Mutia. “Kurious-KIC: Mayoritas Masyarakat Indonesia Tak Setuju Sistem Pemilu Proporsional Tertutup,”

Argawati, Utami. “Pengalaman Pahit Penerapan Sistem Pemilu Proporsional Tertutup,”

Argawati, Utami. “Sistem Pemilu 2024 Tetap Proporsional Terbuka,”

Argawati, Utami. “Sistem Pemilu Proporsional Terbuka Tidak Sesuai Konstitusi”.

Aulia, Kharisma dan Agus Riwanto. “Penerapan Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 Tentang Sistem Pemilu Proporsional Terbuka Terbatas pada Pemilu Legislatif 2019 di Kota Salatiga,” Res Publica 3, no. 1 (2019). Hlm. 91–101.

Bawaslu Kota Batam, “Sejarah Pemilu di Indonesia”, 2023

Budiardjo, Miriam. Pengantar Ilmu Politik, Jakarta: Gramedia, 2000, hlm. 163-164.

Bungin, M. Burhan. 2009. Penelitian Kualitatif Komunikasi, Ekonomi, Kebijakan Publik dan Ilmu Sosial Lainnya. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Grup. hlm. 122.

Hgopian Frances (ed.). 2005. The Third Wave of Democratization in Latin America Advances and Setbacks, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Ikhsan, Darmawan. “Keterlibatan Selebriti Dalam Pemilu Indonesia Pasca Orde Baru,” Sosiohumaniora 18, no. 3 (2014): 236–42.

Irwanto, Sandi. “Putusan MK Soal Sistem Pemilu 2024 Tetap Terbuka Dinilai Tepat, Ini Penjelasan Pakar Hukum Tata Negara”. 19 Juni 2023.

Kantaprawira, Rusadi. 2006, Sistem Politik Indonesia, Suatu Model Pengantar, Edisi Revisi, Bandung: Sinar Baru Algensindo.

Komite Pemantau Legislatif (KOPEL) Indonesia dan Partnership (Kemitraan) Jakarta. 2013. Pembiayaan Partai Politik Sulawesi Selatan.

Manzetti, L. dan C.J. Wilson. 2007. “Why Do Corrupt Governments Maintain Public Support?,” Comparative Political Studies 40 (8). hlm. 949–970.

Marzuki, Peter Mahmud. 2005. Penelitian Hukum: Edisi Revisi. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group. hlm. 47.

Masroni, Sara. “Bang Sayed Sebut Pemilu Proporsional Tertutup Paling Ideal Kini, Tapi tak Sepakat karena Bikin Kacau”, 7 Juni 2023,

Pandoyo, Toto. 1983. Ulasan Terhadap Beberapa Ketentuan UUD 1945, Yogjakarta: Liberty. Hlm. 98

Rudy, Teuku May. 2003. Pengantar Ilmu Politik (Wawasan Pemikiran Dan Kegunaannya), Ed. Revisi. Bandung: Refika Aditama, hlm. 87.

Saputra, Andi. “Gugat ke MK, Kader PDIP-NasDem Minta Pemilu Sistem Proporsional Tertutup,”

Sekretariat Jenderal MPR RI, “Jika Benar MK Putuskan Sistem Tertutup, HNW: Itu Inkonsisten dengan Putusan MK Sebelumnya, Mundur ke Sistem Pemilu Era Orba,”

Silitonga, Novance. “Potensi Sistem Pemilu Memunculkan Perilaku Korupsi di Indonesia” Jurnal Communitarian Vol. 4, No. 1 (2022), hlm. 613–24.

Sumampouw, Mario Christian. “Peneliti BRIN: Sistem Pemilu Proporsional Tertutup Lebih Baik Dibanding Terbuka”,

Downloads

Published

2023-06-19

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): Juni 2023

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Christine S.T. Kansil, Christian Samuel Lodoe Haga

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. The journal allow the authors to hold the copyright without restrictions and allow the authors to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
  2. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  4. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

Lisensi Creative Commons

This work is licensed under a Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa 4.0 Internasional.