Strategi Integrasi Sosial dan Ekonomi Imigran Ilegal Rohingya di Wilayah Perbatasan Indonesia – Myanmar

Authors

  • Nurman Machmud Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia
  • Hikmat Zakky Al-Mubaroq Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia
  • Editha Praditya Duarte Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31316/jk.v8i1.6065

Abstract

Abstrak

Permasalahan mendasar adalah banyak ribuan imigran ilegal yang memasuki wilayah Indonesia melalui jalur perbatasan Myanmar pada setiap tahunnya. Kedatangan mereka tentu sangat berpotensi menimbulkan konflik sosial dan persaingan ekonomi dengan masyarakat lokal di wilayah perbatasan, khususnya di wilayah Aceh Utara. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan integrasi sosial dan ekonomi yang tepat bagi imigran Rohingnya menjadi sangat penting. Integrasi sosial dan ekonomi adalah sebuah proses penyatuan dari berbagai kelompok masyarakat yang berbeda, baik dari segi budaya, agama, etnis, maupun status sosial ekonominya. Integrasi sosial dan ekonomi yang kuat dapat menciptakan masyarakat yang harmonis, sejahtera dan produktif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, Analisis data yang digunakan itu deskriptif dengan studi literatur yang relevan dengan topik pembahasan. Adapun data yang digunakan itu data primer dan data sekunder dengan bersumber pada google scholar, publish or perish, dan website resmi mengenai kebijakan dalam menangani imigran rohingya yang masuk ke wilayah Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis situasi dan permasalahan dalam integrasi imigran Rohingya saat ini di wilayah perbatasan, hal ini tentunya mengganggu sosial dan adanya persaingan ekonomi. Tentunya pemerintah harus merumuskan strategi integrasi sosial dan ekonomi yang efektif dan efisien di wilayah perbatasan Indonesia dan Myanmar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa strategi integrasi sosial dan ekonomi imigran Rohingya yang efektif itu mencakup: mediasi konflik, sosialisasi multikulturalisme, akses langsung ke layanan publik, memberikan bantuan modal usaha dan pelatihan keterampilan, serta memberikan program yang padat karya infrastruktur daerah. Penelitian ini menunjukan tantangan-tantangan seperti kompleksitas hukum, resistensi sosial dan perlunya kebijakan pemerintah. Pentingnya strategi komprehensif yang memperhatikan aspek sosial, ekonomi dan hukum. Tentunya dalam implementasi strategi ini memerlukan koordinasi antar pemangku kepentingan terkait seperti pejabat daerah dengan pejabat pusat.

Kata Kunci: Imigran Ilegal, Integrasi, Rohingya, Strategi, Wilayah Perbatasan

 

Abstract

The fundamental problem is that thousands of illegal immigrants enter Indonesia through the Myanmar border every year. Their arrival certainly has the potential to cause social conflict and economic competition with local communities in the border area, especially in North Aceh. Therefore, proper social and economic integration for Rohingya immigrants is crucial. Social and economic integration is a process of unification of different groups of people, both in terms of culture, religion, ethnicity, and socio-economic status. Strong social and economic integration can create a harmonious, prosperous and productive society. This research uses a qualitative method, the data analysis used is descriptive with a literature study that is relevant to the topic of discussion. The data used are primary data and secondary data sourced from google scholar, publish or perish, and official websites regarding policies in dealing with rohingya immigrants entering Indonesian territory. the purpose of this study is to analyze the situation and problems in the current integration of Rohingya immigrants in the border region, this certainly disrupts social and economic competition. Surely the government must formulate an effective and efficient social and economic integration strategy in the border region of Indonesia and Myanmar. The results of this study show that effective social and economic integration strategies of Rohingya immigrants include: conflict mediation, socialization of multiculturalism, direct access to public services, providing business capital assistance and skills training, and providing labor-intensive regional infrastructure programs. The research points to challenges such as legal complexity, social resistance and the need for government policies. The importance of a comprehensive strategy that takes into account social, economic and legal aspects. Of course, the implementation of this strategy requires coordination between relevant stakeholders such as local officials and central officials.

Keywords: Illegal Immigrants, Integration, Rohingya, Strategy, Border Region

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Published

2024-03-25

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