Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Fraksi Etil Asetat dan n-Heksan Daun Kembang Sepatu (Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis L.) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus Epidermidis

Abstrak

Background: Hibiscus leaves contains flavonoid, tannin and saponin compounds that act as antibacterial.

Objective: This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate fraction and n-hexane fraction of hibiscus leaves against the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria.

Method: Hibiscus leaves were extracted by maceration with 70% ethanol solvent, then fractionated with ethyl acetate and n-hexane as solvent. The ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions were tested for antibacterial activity using the disc diffusion method. The treatment group consisted of ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions with concentrations of 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%; 1% DMSO solution group; control group of ethyl acetate and n-hexane solvents; negative control group (sterile distilled water); and the positive control group (ciprofloxacin 5µg/20µL). The treated media was incubated at 37ºC for 24 hours. The inhibition zone formed was observed and measured according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) category.

Results: The results of the ethyl acetate fraction of hibiscus leaves with a concentration of 40%; 60%; 80% and 100% had inhibition zone diameters of 8.30 mm, respectively; 9.35mm; 10.24 mm and 10.93 mm, in the n-hexane fraction of hibiscus leaves with a concentration of 40%; 60%; 80% and 100% had an average inhibition zone diameter of 7.91 mm, respectively; 8.27 mm; 8.89 mm; and 9.30 mm. The average diameter of the inhibition zone in the ciprofloxacin positive control group was 31.78 mm.

Conclusion: Ethyl acetate fraction and n-hexane fraction of hibiscus leaves have antibacterial activity but not comparable to ciprofloxacin.