ANALISIS HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN WARGA NEGARA TERKAIT VAKSINASI COVID-19 DARI PERSPEKTIF HUBUNGAN WARGA NEGARA, NEGARA, DAN ANTARMANUSIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31316/jk.v6i1.2125Abstract
Abstrak
Kemunculan vaksin adalah sebuah berita baik di tengah pandemi. Seiring makin banyak masyarakat tervaksinasi, pembatasan sosial akan dilonggarkan, dan situasi akan kembali normal. Di Indonesia, kebijakan vaksinasi menimbulkan pertanyaan, yaitu hak atau kewajiban warga negara, karena sanksinya yang menyalahi hak. Kebanyakan karya ilmiah menggunakan pendekatan hukum. Maka, dilakukan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka dengan pendekatan sosiologi dan kewarganegaraan untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut. Diperoleh bahwa, baik dalam hubungan warga negara dengan negara maupun manusia dengan manusia lainnya, hak dan kewajiban harus seimbang: warga negara melaksanakan kewajiban warga negara agar negara menjamin hak-hak warga negara mereka; terlaksananya kewajiban seseorang berdampak pada terpenuhinya hak seseorang, begitu pun sebaliknya. Agar tujuan bersama dapat tercapai, kebijakan vaksinasi Covid-19 yang pada awalnya merupakan hak warga negara berubah menjadi kewajiban warga negara karena pertimbangan keseimbangan hak-kewajiban dan permasalahan global yang memerlukan partisipasi global untuk menanggulanginya.
Kata kunci: hak dan kewajiban, warga negara, vaksinasi
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Abstract
The appearance of vaccines in the middle of the pandemic is good news. With more people getting vaccinated, it will lead to the ease of social restriction and the situation will eventually get better. In Indonesia, because the practice of vaccines is against the right, the vaccine regulation brings up some issues namely civic rights and obligations. Lots of studies use a legal approach. So, qualitative research is carried out using a literature study method with a sociology and citizenship approach to answering these questions. It can be concluded that both relationships which are between citizens with the state and between humans, rights and obligations must be balanced: citizens do the obligations so that the state guarantees their rights; the implementation of one's obligations has an impact on the fulfillment of one's rights, and vice versa. For the common goal to be achieved, the vaccination policy, which was originally a citizen's right, turned into a citizen's obligation due to consideration of the balance of rights and global problems that require global participation to overcome them.
Keywords: rights and obligations, citizen, and vaccine
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