Pembela Tanah Air (PETA): Bela Negara Sebagai Implementasi Nasionalisme Dalam Kemerdekaan Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31316/jk.v6i1.2555Keywords:
Bela Negara, Jepang, Kemerdekaan Indonesia, Nasionalisme, PETA.Abstract
Abstrak
Kemerdekaan Indonesia dapat tercapai atas kontribusi dari segala pihak, salah satunya adalah Pembela Tanah Air (PETA). Merupakan organisasi berbasis militer yang berperan penting dalam mencapai kemerdekaan bangsa Indonesia. Pembentukan organisasi ini didasari pada saat Belanda yang menyerahkan Indonesia kepada Jepang di tahun 1942. Jepang datang dengan harapan baru, sebagai ‘kawan lama’ bagi Jepang dijadikan alasan mereka membentuk banyak organisasi baru. Salah satunya, PETA yang sebenarnya memiliki tujuan untuk mendukung kepentingan nasional milik Jepang. Bagi Jepang ini sebagai kepentingan nasional mereka mempertahankan wilayahnya dari serangan sekutu. Tetapi, bagi bangsa Indonesia melihat pembentukan ini sebagai babak baru menuju Indonesia Merdeka. Untuk menulis pembahasan ini secara sistematis dan terstruktur digunakan metode penelitian untuk mengurai suatu fenomena menggunakan perspektif akademisi. Metode yang digunakan untuk pembahasan kali ini adalah metode historis dengan metode deskriptif. Pembela Sukarela Tanah Air (PETA) terbentuk atas dasar nasionalisme yang tak bertentangan dengan nilai-nilai Agama Islam. PETA terbentuk atas dasar anjuran dari tokoh-tokoh agama yang dirangkul oleh Jepang saat itu. Terbentuknya PETA, merupakan bentuk Bela Negara yang dilakukan masyarakat Indonesia saat itu. Bagaimana mereka berusaha melawan penjajah menggunakan kemampuan fisik dan mentalnya sebagai militan. Berdasarkan nasionalisme dan Bela Negara untuk memperjuangkan Indonesia sebagai negara yang merdeka, makmur, berdaulat dan sejahtera.
Kata Kunci: Bela Negara, Jepang, Kemerdekaan Indonesia, Nasionalisme, PETA.
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Abstract
Indonesia's political independence can be realistically achieved with local contributions from all parties, one of which correctly is the Pembela Tanah Air (PETA). Frequent a military-based establishment that carry out an significant role in achieving the independence of the Indonesian nation. The formation of this organization was based on the Dutch handing over Indonesia to this country in 1942. The Japanese approached with new hopes, as an old friend for this country was the reason they formed many new organizations. One of them, PETA, which essentially establishes a goal to support Japan's national interests. For Japan, it by forcing was in their national interest to properly defend their dependent territory from Allied attacks. However, the Indonesian people observe this formation as a recent chapter towards an independent Indonesia. To write discussion in a systematic and structured way, research methods are utilized to adequately describe a historical phenomenon properly using an academic perspective. The method utilized for this discussion represents the historical approach with the descriptive method. The Voluntary Defenders of the Homeland (PETA) were organized on the basis of nationalism that did not conflict with Islamic religious values. PETA was formed on the excellent advice of religious figures who were tenderly embraced by Japan at that considerable time. The formation of PETA obtains a form of State Defense carried out by the Indonesian people at that time. How they tried to resist the invaders managing their physical and mental abilities as militants. Ideologically based on political nationalism and State Defense to fight professionally for Indonesia as an independent, prosperous, sovereign and prosperous country.
Keywords: Indonesian Independence, Japan, National Defense, Nationalism, PETA.
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