Analisis Konsep Kontra-Narasi Ektrimisme dan Self-Control di Media Sosial Dalam Tinjauan Psikologi (Studi Kasus Kelompok Ekstrimisme ISIS)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31316/jk.v8i1.6167Abstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini melibatkan perkembangan teknologi digital dan peran media sosial dalam penyebaran pesan ekstrim, terutama terkait dengan kelompok ekstrimisme seperti ISIS. Kontra-narasi, sebagai upaya untuk menawarkan alternatif pemikiran dan informasi yang bertentangan dengan pesan ekstrim, dan self-control, sebagai kemampuan individu untuk mengendalikan respons emosional dan perilaku impulsif, menjadi fokus penelitian ini. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi teori pengaruh sosial untuk memahami bagaimana individu dipengaruhi oleh kontra-narasi dan pesan ekstrim di media sosial, serta teori self-control untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana self-control memengaruhi reaksi individu terhadap pesan-pesan tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan melibatkan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan studi pustaka. Analisis konten media sosial juga dilakukan untuk melacak penyebaran kontra-narasi dan pesan ekstrimisme terkait ISIS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kontra-narasi yang kuat dapat mengurangi ketertarikan individu terhadap pesan-pesan ekstrim di media sosial, namun efektivitasnya bervariasi tergantung pada konten kontra-narasi dan karakteristik individu. Selain itu, self-control individu juga memainkan peran penting dalam menentukan sejauh mana mereka terpengaruh oleh pesan-pesan ekstrim di media sosial. Faktor-faktor psikologis seperti identitas kelompok dan kebutuhan akan afiliasi juga ditemukan memengaruhi respon individu terhadap kontra-narasi dan pesan ekstrim di media sosial. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan yang berharga dalam pengembangan strategi pencegahan radikalisasi dan ekstremisme di era digital, dengan menyoroti pentingnya kontra-narasi yang efektif dan peningkatan self-control individu dalam menghadapi pesan-pesan ekstrim di media sosial.
Kata Kunci: Kontra Narasi Ekstremisme, Kontra Terorisme, Media Sosial, Self-control
Abstract
The research involves the development of digital technology and the role of social media in the spread of extremist messages, especially related to extremist groups such as ISIS. Counter-narrative, as an attempt to offer alternative thoughts and information as opposed to extreme messages, and self-control, as an individual's ability to control emotional responses and impulsive behavior, are the focus of this study. Theories used in this study include social influence theory to understand how individuals are influenced by counter-narratives and extreme messages on social media, and self-control theory to explore how self-control affects individual reactions to these messages. The research method used involves a qualitative approach using literature studies. Analysis of social media content was also conducted to track the spread of ISIS-related counter-narratives and messages of extremism. The results showed that strong counter-narratives can reduce individuals' interest in extreme messages on social media, but their effectiveness varies depending on counter-narrative content and individual characteristics. In addition, individuals' self-control also plays an important role in determining the extent to which they are affected by extreme messages on social media. Psychological factors such as group identity and the need for affiliation were also found to influence individual responses to counter-narratives and extreme messages on social media. This research provides valuable insights into the development of strategies to prevent radicalization and extremism in the digital age, highlighting the importance of effective counter-narratives and increased individual self-control in the face of extreme messages on social media.
Keyword: Counter Narrative Extremism, Counter Terrorism, Social Media, Self-control
References
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